Do You Know Construction Of Cooling System?

In the cooling system, the cooling fluid acts as the cooling medium and flows through the engine water channel. The main components are thermostat, water pump, radiator, cooling fan, water temperature sensor and liquid storage tank.

First of all, the coolant as the engine cooling medium is also called antifreeze. The cooling fluid is composed of water, antifreeze, and additives. According to the composition of the antifreeze, it can be divided into alcohol type, glycerin type, glycol type and other types of cooling liquid. Among them, the glycol type coolant is prepared by using ethylene glycol as an antifreeze and adding a small amount of anti-foam, anti-corrosion and other comprehensive additives. Because ethylene glycol is easily soluble in water, it can be arbitrarily formulated into a variety of freezing point cooling liquids, the lowest freezing point of which can reach -68°C. This cooling liquid has a high boiling point, low foaming tendency, good viscosity-temperature performance, corrosion protection and scale prevention It is a relatively ideal coolant. The coolants currently used in engines at home and abroad and sold on the market are almost all such glycol-type coolants.

The thermostat is an important part to control the cold cycle and the normal cycle. Usually the thermostat is designed to be turned on at about 80 degrees Celsius, and it will be automatically turned off when the temperature is low. Provide the most reasonable cooling effect for the engine.

The water pump driven by the belt pressurizes the cooling fluid to ensure that the cooling fluid can circulate in the cooling system. The radiator (also known as the water tank) and the cooling fan are set in the front of the car. Generally, the front bumper of the car is designed with an opening to help the radiator dissipate heat. When the engine is operating, the coolant flows inside the radiator core, and the air passes through the radiator core during the driving of the car. The hot coolant is cooled by dissipating heat to the air.

There is also a small part that is easily overlooked on the radiator, which is the radiator cover. Its working principle is similar to household pressure cookers, the purpose is to increase the pressure in the container to achieve high efficiency and high temperature cooling effect. When the car is running, the coolant temperature rises and the pressure in the water tank increases. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the pressure valve is pushed open by the pressure, then the rushed coolant will flow into the adjacent storage tank when the car stops After working, the vacuum cooling system will suck the water in the storage tank back to the water tank.

The intercooler is an indispensable component of a turbocharged engine. The turbocharged engine's intake efficiency is higher than that of a general natural intake engine. When the air enters the turbocharger, its temperature will increase greatly, and the density will also decrease accordingly. The intercooler is used to cool the air. The high temperature air is cooled by the intercooler and then enters through the intake manifold engine.

The temperature of the exhaust gas emitted by the engine is very high, and the heat conduction through the supercharger will increase the temperature of the intake air. And the density of the air will increase during the compression process, which also causes the temperature of the intake air to increase, which affects the efficiency of the engine's charging and makes the original advantages of supercharging disappear. If you want to further increase the charging efficiency, you must reduce the intake air temperature. Under the same air-fuel ratio, the engine power can increase by 3%-5% every time the temperature of the charge air drops by 10 degrees Celsius.

In addition, if uncooled pressurized air enters the combustion chamber, in addition to affecting the engine's charging efficiency, it is also easy to cause the engine's combustion temperature to be too high, causing knocking and other failures, so in order to solve the disadvantages caused by the increased air temperature after supercharging As a result, an intercooler must be added to work with the booster system.